Release version 1.9.0

* Add mirror visibility subcommand and provision --public flag
* Implement core visibility API with provider support (GitHub, Gitea)
* Extend provider interface and EnsureStatus
* Add unit, integration and e2e tests for visibility handling

https://chatgpt.com/share/6946a44e-4f48-800f-8124-9c0b9b2b6b04

.github/workflows/test-virgin-user.yml

@@ -49,17 +49,19 @@ jobs:
               chown -R dev:dev /nix
               chmod 0755 /nix
               chmod 1777 /nix/store
+              sudo -H -u dev env \
+                HOME=/home/dev \
+                NIX_CONFIG="$NIX_CONFIG" \
+                PKGMGR_DISABLE_NIX_FLAKE_INSTALLER=1 \
+                bash -lc "
+                  set -euo pipefail
+                  cd /opt/src/pkgmgr
+                  make setup-venv
+                  . \"\$HOME/.venvs/pkgmgr/bin/activate\"
 
-              sudo -H -u dev env HOME=/home/dev PKGMGR_DISABLE_NIX_FLAKE_INSTALLER=1 bash -lc "
-                set -euo pipefail
-                cd /opt/src/pkgmgr
+                  pkgmgr version pkgmgr
 
-                make setup-venv
-                . \"\$HOME/.venvs/pkgmgr/bin/activate\"
-
-                pkgmgr version pkgmgr
-
-                export NIX_REMOTE=local
-                nix run /opt/src/pkgmgr#pkgmgr -- version pkgmgr
-              "
+                  export NIX_REMOTE=local
+                  nix run /opt/src/pkgmgr#pkgmgr -- version pkgmgr
+                "
             '

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+## [1.9.0] - 2025-12-20
+
+* * New ***mirror visibility*** command to set remote Git repositories to ***public*** or ***private***.
+* New ***--public*** flag for ***mirror provision*** to create repositories and immediately make them public.
+* All configured git mirrors are now provisioned.
+
+
 ## [1.8.7] - 2025-12-19
 
 * * **Release version updates now correctly modify ***pyproject.toml*** files that follow PEP 621**, ensuring the ***[project].version*** field is updated as expected.

flake.nix

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
         rec {
           pkgmgr = pyPkgs.buildPythonApplication {
             pname   = "package-manager";
-            version = "1.8.7";
+            version = "1.9.0";
 
             # Use the git repo as source
             src = ./.;

packaging/arch/PKGBUILD

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Maintainer: Kevin Veen-Birkenbach <info@veen.world>
 
 pkgname=package-manager
-pkgver=1.8.7
+pkgver=1.9.0
 pkgrel=1
 pkgdesc="Local-flake wrapper for Kevin's package-manager (Nix-based)."
 arch=('any')

packaging/debian/changelog

@@ -1,3 +1,11 @@
+package-manager (1.9.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  * * New ***mirror visibility*** command to set remote Git repositories to ***public*** or ***private***.
+* New ***--public*** flag for ***mirror provision*** to create repositories and immediately make them public.
+* All configured git mirrors are now provisioned.
+
+ -- Kevin Veen-Birkenbach <kevin@veen.world>  Sat, 20 Dec 2025 14:37:58 +0100
+
 package-manager (1.8.7-1) unstable; urgency=medium
 
   * * **Release version updates now correctly modify ***pyproject.toml*** files that follow PEP 621**, ensuring the ***[project].version*** field is updated as expected.

packaging/fedora/package-manager.spec

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Name:           package-manager
-Version:        1.8.7
+Version:        1.9.0
 Release:        1%{?dist}
 Summary:        Wrapper that runs Kevin's package-manager via Nix flake
 
@@ -74,6 +74,11 @@ echo ">>> package-manager removed. Nix itself was not removed."
 /usr/lib/package-manager/
 
 %changelog
+* Sat Dec 20 2025 Kevin Veen-Birkenbach <kevin@veen.world> - 1.9.0-1
+- * New ***mirror visibility*** command to set remote Git repositories to ***public*** or ***private***.
+* New ***--public*** flag for ***mirror provision*** to create repositories and immediately make them public.
+* All configured git mirrors are now provisioned.
+
 * Fri Dec 19 2025 Kevin Veen-Birkenbach <kevin@veen.world> - 1.8.7-1
 - * **Release version updates now correctly modify ***pyproject.toml*** files that follow PEP 621**, ensuring the ***[project].version*** field is updated as expected.
 * **Invalid or incomplete ***pyproject.toml*** files are now handled gracefully** with clear error messages instead of abrupt process termination.

pyproject.toml

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
 
 [project]
 name = "kpmx"
-version = "1.8.7"
+version = "1.9.0"
 description = "Kevin's package-manager tool (pkgmgr)"
 readme = "README.md"
 requires-python = ">=3.9"

src/pkgmgr/actions/mirror/__init__.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from .list_cmd import list_mirrors
 from .diff_cmd import diff_mirrors
 from .merge_cmd import merge_mirrors
 from .setup_cmd import setup_mirrors
+from .visibility_cmd import set_mirror_visibility
 
 __all__ = [
     "Repository",
@@ -22,4 +23,5 @@ __all__ = [
     "diff_mirrors",
     "merge_mirrors",
     "setup_mirrors",
+    "set_mirror_visibility",
 ]

src/pkgmgr/actions/mirror/remote_provision.py

@@ -11,35 +11,37 @@ from .types import Repository
 from .url_utils import normalize_provider_host, parse_repo_from_git_url
 
 
-def ensure_remote_repository(
-    repo: Repository,
-    repositories_base_dir: str,
-    all_repos: List[Repository],
+def _provider_hint_from_host(host: str) -> str | None:
+    h = (host or "").lower()
+    if h == "github.com":
+        return "github"
+    # Best-effort default for self-hosted git domains
+    return "gitea" if h else None
+
+
+def ensure_remote_repository_for_url(
+    *,
+    url: str,
+    private_default: bool,
+    description: str,
     preview: bool,
 ) -> None:
-    ctx = build_context(repo, repositories_base_dir, all_repos)
-
-    primary_url = determine_primary_remote_url(repo, ctx)
-    if not primary_url:
-        print("[INFO] No primary URL found; skipping remote provisioning.")
-        return
-
-    host_raw, owner, name = parse_repo_from_git_url(primary_url)
+    host_raw, owner, name = parse_repo_from_git_url(url)
     host = normalize_provider_host(host_raw)
 
     if not host or not owner or not name:
-        print("[WARN] Could not parse remote URL:", primary_url)
+        print(f"[WARN] Could not parse repo from URL: {url}")
         return
 
     spec = RepoSpec(
         host=host,
         owner=owner,
         name=name,
-        private=bool(repo.get("private", True)),
-        description=str(repo.get("description", "")),
+        private=private_default,
+        description=description,
     )
 
-    provider_kind = str(repo.get("provider", "")).lower() or None
+    provider_kind = _provider_hint_from_host(host)
 
     try:
         result = ensure_remote_repo(
@@ -56,4 +58,29 @@ def ensure_remote_repository(
         if result.url:
             print(f"[REMOTE ENSURE] URL: {result.url}")
     except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
-        print(f"[ERROR] Remote provisioning failed: {exc}")
+        print(f"[ERROR] Remote provisioning failed for {url!r}: {exc}")
+
+
+def ensure_remote_repository(
+    repo: Repository,
+    repositories_base_dir: str,
+    all_repos: List[Repository],
+    preview: bool,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Backwards-compatible wrapper: ensure the *primary* remote repository
+    derived from the primary URL.
+    """
+    ctx = build_context(repo, repositories_base_dir, all_repos)
+
+    primary_url = determine_primary_remote_url(repo, ctx)
+    if not primary_url:
+        print("[INFO] No primary URL found; skipping remote provisioning.")
+        return
+
+    ensure_remote_repository_for_url(
+        url=primary_url,
+        private_default=bool(repo.get("private", True)),
+        description=str(repo.get("description", "")),
+        preview=preview,
+    )

src/pkgmgr/actions/mirror/setup_cmd.py

@@ -2,12 +2,15 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import List
 
-from pkgmgr.core.git.queries import probe_remote_reachable
+from pkgmgr.core.git.queries import probe_remote_reachable_detail
+from pkgmgr.core.remote_provisioning import ProviderHint, RepoSpec, set_repo_visibility
+from pkgmgr.core.remote_provisioning.visibility import VisibilityOptions
 
 from .context import build_context
-from .git_remote import ensure_origin_remote, determine_primary_remote_url
-from .remote_provision import ensure_remote_repository
+from .git_remote import determine_primary_remote_url, ensure_origin_remote
+from .remote_provision import ensure_remote_repository_for_url
 from .types import Repository
+from .url_utils import normalize_provider_host, parse_repo_from_git_url
 
 
 def _is_git_remote_url(url: str) -> bool:
@@ -25,6 +28,64 @@ def _is_git_remote_url(url: str) -> bool:
     return False
 
 
+def _provider_hint_from_host(host: str) -> str | None:
+    h = (host or "").lower()
+    if h == "github.com":
+        return "github"
+    return "gitea" if h else None
+
+
+def _apply_visibility_for_url(
+    *,
+    url: str,
+    private: bool,
+    description: str,
+    preview: bool,
+) -> None:
+    host_raw, owner, name = parse_repo_from_git_url(url)
+    host = normalize_provider_host(host_raw)
+
+    if not host or not owner or not name:
+        print(f"[WARN] Could not parse repo from URL: {url}")
+        return
+
+    spec = RepoSpec(
+        host=host,
+        owner=owner,
+        name=name,
+        private=private,
+        description=description,
+    )
+
+    provider_kind = _provider_hint_from_host(host)
+    res = set_repo_visibility(
+        spec,
+        private=private,
+        provider_hint=ProviderHint(kind=provider_kind),
+        options=VisibilityOptions(preview=preview),
+    )
+    print(f"[REMOTE VISIBILITY] {res.status.upper()}: {res.message}")
+
+
+def _print_probe_result(name: str | None, url: str, *, cwd: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Print probe result for a git remote URL, including a short failure reason.
+    """
+    ok, reason = probe_remote_reachable_detail(url, cwd=cwd)
+
+    prefix = f"{name}: " if name else ""
+    if ok:
+        print(f"[OK] {prefix}{url}")
+        return
+
+    print(f"[WARN] {prefix}{url}")
+    if reason:
+        reason = reason.strip()
+        if len(reason) > 240:
+            reason = reason[:240].rstrip() + "…"
+        print(f"       reason: {reason}")
+
+
 def _setup_local_mirrors_for_repo(
     repo: Repository,
     repositories_base_dir: str,
@@ -48,6 +109,7 @@ def _setup_remote_mirrors_for_repo(
     all_repos: List[Repository],
     preview: bool,
     ensure_remote: bool,
+    ensure_visibility: str | None,
 ) -> None:
     ctx = build_context(repo, repositories_base_dir, all_repos)
 
@@ -56,35 +118,78 @@ def _setup_remote_mirrors_for_repo(
     print(f"[MIRROR SETUP:REMOTE] dir: {ctx.repo_dir}")
     print("------------------------------------------------------------")
 
-    if ensure_remote:
-        ensure_remote_repository(
-            repo,
-            repositories_base_dir,
-            all_repos,
-            preview,
-        )
-
-    # Probe only git URLs (do not try ls-remote against PyPI etc.)
-    # If there are no mirrors at all, probe the primary git URL.
     git_mirrors = {
         k: v for k, v in ctx.resolved_mirrors.items() if _is_git_remote_url(v)
     }
 
+    def _desired_private_default() -> bool:
+        # default behavior: repo['private'] (or True)
+        if ensure_visibility == "public":
+            return False
+        if ensure_visibility == "private":
+            return True
+        return bool(repo.get("private", True))
+
+    def _should_enforce_visibility() -> bool:
+        return ensure_visibility in ("public", "private")
+
+    def _visibility_private_value() -> bool:
+        return ensure_visibility == "private"
+
+    description = str(repo.get("description", ""))
+
+    # If there are no git mirrors, fall back to primary (git) URL.
     if not git_mirrors:
         primary = determine_primary_remote_url(repo, ctx)
         if not primary or not _is_git_remote_url(primary):
-            print("[INFO] No git mirrors to probe.")
+            print("[INFO] No git mirrors to probe or provision.")
             print()
             return
 
-        ok = probe_remote_reachable(primary, cwd=ctx.repo_dir)
-        print("[OK]" if ok else "[WARN]", primary)
+        if ensure_remote:
+            print(f"[REMOTE ENSURE] ensuring primary: {primary}")
+            ensure_remote_repository_for_url(
+                url=primary,
+                private_default=_desired_private_default(),
+                description=description,
+                preview=preview,
+            )
+            # IMPORTANT: enforce visibility only if requested
+            if _should_enforce_visibility():
+                _apply_visibility_for_url(
+                    url=primary,
+                    private=_visibility_private_value(),
+                    description=description,
+                    preview=preview,
+                )
+            print()
+
+        _print_probe_result(None, primary, cwd=ctx.repo_dir)
         print()
         return
 
+    # Provision ALL git mirrors (if requested)
+    if ensure_remote:
+        for name, url in git_mirrors.items():
+            print(f"[REMOTE ENSURE] ensuring mirror {name!r}: {url}")
+            ensure_remote_repository_for_url(
+                url=url,
+                private_default=_desired_private_default(),
+                description=description,
+                preview=preview,
+            )
+            if _should_enforce_visibility():
+                _apply_visibility_for_url(
+                    url=url,
+                    private=_visibility_private_value(),
+                    description=description,
+                    preview=preview,
+                )
+        print()
+
+    # Probe ALL git mirrors
     for name, url in git_mirrors.items():
-        ok = probe_remote_reachable(url, cwd=ctx.repo_dir)
-        print(f"[OK] {name}: {url}" if ok else f"[WARN] {name}: {url}")
+        _print_probe_result(name, url, cwd=ctx.repo_dir)
 
     print()
 
@@ -97,6 +202,7 @@ def setup_mirrors(
     local: bool = True,
     remote: bool = True,
     ensure_remote: bool = False,
+    ensure_visibility: str | None = None,
 ) -> None:
     for repo in selected_repos:
         if local:
@@ -114,4 +220,5 @@ def setup_mirrors(
                 all_repos,
                 preview,
                 ensure_remote,
+                ensure_visibility,
             )

src/pkgmgr/actions/mirror/visibility_cmd.py

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import List
+
+from pkgmgr.core.remote_provisioning import ProviderHint, RepoSpec, set_repo_visibility
+from pkgmgr.core.remote_provisioning.visibility import VisibilityOptions
+
+from .context import build_context
+from .git_remote import determine_primary_remote_url
+from .types import Repository
+from .url_utils import normalize_provider_host, parse_repo_from_git_url
+
+
+def _is_git_remote_url(url: str) -> bool:
+    # Keep same semantics as setup_cmd.py / git_remote.py
+    u = (url or "").strip()
+    if not u:
+        return False
+    if u.startswith("git@"):
+        return True
+    if u.startswith("ssh://"):
+        return True
+    if (u.startswith("https://") or u.startswith("http://")) and u.endswith(".git"):
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def _provider_hint_from_host(host: str) -> str | None:
+    h = (host or "").lower()
+    if h == "github.com":
+        return "github"
+    # Best-effort default for self-hosted git domains
+    return "gitea" if h else None
+
+
+def _apply_visibility_for_url(
+    *,
+    url: str,
+    private: bool,
+    description: str,
+    preview: bool,
+) -> None:
+    host_raw, owner, name = parse_repo_from_git_url(url)
+    host = normalize_provider_host(host_raw)
+
+    if not host or not owner or not name:
+        print(f"[WARN] Could not parse repo from URL: {url}")
+        return
+
+    spec = RepoSpec(
+        host=host,
+        owner=owner,
+        name=name,
+        private=private,
+        description=description,
+    )
+
+    provider_kind = _provider_hint_from_host(host)
+    res = set_repo_visibility(
+        spec,
+        private=private,
+        provider_hint=ProviderHint(kind=provider_kind),
+        options=VisibilityOptions(preview=preview),
+    )
+    print(f"[REMOTE VISIBILITY] {res.status.upper()}: {res.message}")
+
+
+def set_mirror_visibility(
+    selected_repos: List[Repository],
+    repositories_base_dir: str,
+    all_repos: List[Repository],
+    *,
+    visibility: str,
+    preview: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Set remote repository visibility for all git mirrors of each selected repo.
+
+    visibility:
+      - "private"
+      - "public"
+    """
+    v = (visibility or "").strip().lower()
+    if v not in ("private", "public"):
+        raise ValueError("visibility must be 'private' or 'public'")
+
+    desired_private = v == "private"
+
+    for repo in selected_repos:
+        ctx = build_context(repo, repositories_base_dir, all_repos)
+
+        print("------------------------------------------------------------")
+        print(f"[MIRROR VISIBILITY] {ctx.identifier}")
+        print(f"[MIRROR VISIBILITY] dir: {ctx.repo_dir}")
+        print(f"[MIRROR VISIBILITY] target: {v}")
+        print("------------------------------------------------------------")
+
+        git_mirrors = {
+            name: url
+            for name, url in ctx.resolved_mirrors.items()
+            if url and _is_git_remote_url(url)
+        }
+
+        # If there are no git mirrors, fall back to primary (git) URL.
+        if not git_mirrors:
+            primary = determine_primary_remote_url(repo, ctx)
+            if not primary or not _is_git_remote_url(primary):
+                print(
+                    "[INFO] No git mirrors found (and no primary git URL). Nothing to do."
+                )
+                print()
+                continue
+
+            print(f"[MIRROR VISIBILITY] applying to primary: {primary}")
+            _apply_visibility_for_url(
+                url=primary,
+                private=desired_private,
+                description=str(repo.get("description", "")),
+                preview=preview,
+            )
+            print()
+            continue
+
+        # Apply to ALL git mirrors
+        for name, url in git_mirrors.items():
+            print(f"[MIRROR VISIBILITY] applying to mirror {name!r}: {url}")
+            _apply_visibility_for_url(
+                url=url,
+                private=desired_private,
+                description=str(repo.get("description", "")),
+                preview=preview,
+            )
+
+        print()

src/pkgmgr/cli/commands/mirror.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ from pkgmgr.actions.mirror import (
     diff_mirrors,
     list_mirrors,
     merge_mirrors,
+    set_mirror_visibility,
     setup_mirrors,
 )
 from pkgmgr.cli.context import CLIContext
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ def handle_mirror_command(
       - mirror setup
       - mirror check
       - mirror provision
+      - mirror visibility
     """
     if not selected:
         print("[INFO] No repositories selected for 'mirror' command.")
@@ -92,6 +94,7 @@ def handle_mirror_command(
             local=True,
             remote=False,
             ensure_remote=False,
+            ensure_visibility=None,
         )
         return
 
@@ -105,11 +108,14 @@ def handle_mirror_command(
             local=False,
             remote=True,
             ensure_remote=False,
+            ensure_visibility=None,
         )
         return
 
     if subcommand == "provision":
         preview = getattr(args, "preview", False)
+        public = bool(getattr(args, "public", False))
+
         setup_mirrors(
             selected_repos=selected,
             repositories_base_dir=ctx.repositories_base_dir,
@@ -118,6 +124,23 @@ def handle_mirror_command(
             local=False,
             remote=True,
             ensure_remote=True,
+            ensure_visibility="public" if public else None,
+        )
+        return
+
+    if subcommand == "visibility":
+        preview = getattr(args, "preview", False)
+        visibility = getattr(args, "visibility", None)
+        if visibility not in ("private", "public"):
+            print("[ERROR] mirror visibility expects 'private' or 'public'.")
+            sys.exit(2)
+
+        set_mirror_visibility(
+            selected_repos=selected,
+            repositories_base_dir=ctx.repositories_base_dir,
+            all_repos=ctx.all_repositories,
+            visibility=visibility,
+            preview=preview,
         )
         return
 

src/pkgmgr/cli/parser/mirror_cmd.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# src/pkgmgr/cli/parser/mirror_cmd.py
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
@@ -12,7 +11,7 @@ from .common import add_identifier_arguments
 def add_mirror_subparsers(subparsers: argparse._SubParsersAction) -> None:
     mirror_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
         "mirror",
-        help="Mirror-related utilities (list, diff, merge, setup, check, provision)",
+        help="Mirror-related utilities (list, diff, merge, setup, check, provision, visibility)",
     )
     mirror_subparsers = mirror_parser.add_subparsers(
         dest="subcommand",
@@ -68,4 +67,20 @@ def add_mirror_subparsers(subparsers: argparse._SubParsersAction) -> None:
         "provision",
         help="Provision remote repositories via provider APIs (create missing repos).",
     )
+    mirror_provision.add_argument(
+        "--public",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="After ensuring repos exist, enforce public visibility on the remote provider.",
+    )
     add_identifier_arguments(mirror_provision)
+
+    mirror_visibility = mirror_subparsers.add_parser(
+        "visibility",
+        help="Set visibility (public/private) for all remote git mirrors via provider APIs.",
+    )
+    mirror_visibility.add_argument(
+        "visibility",
+        choices=["private", "public"],
+        help="Target visibility for all git mirrors.",
+    )
+    add_identifier_arguments(mirror_visibility)

src/pkgmgr/core/git/queries/__init__.py

@@ -20,7 +20,10 @@ from .get_tags_at_ref import GitTagsAtRefQueryError, get_tags_at_ref
 from .get_upstream_ref import get_upstream_ref
 from .list_remotes import list_remotes
 from .list_tags import list_tags
-from .probe_remote_reachable import probe_remote_reachable
+from .probe_remote_reachable import (
+    probe_remote_reachable,
+    probe_remote_reachable_detail,
+)
 from .resolve_base_branch import GitBaseBranchNotFoundError, resolve_base_branch
 
 __all__ = [
@@ -37,6 +40,7 @@ __all__ = [
     "list_remotes",
     "get_remote_push_urls",
     "probe_remote_reachable",
+    "probe_remote_reachable_detail",
     "get_changelog",
     "GitChangelogQueryError",
     "get_tags_at_ref",

src/pkgmgr/core/git/queries/probe_remote_reachable.py

@@ -1,21 +1,121 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from typing import Tuple
+
 from ..errors import GitRunError
 from ..run import run
 
 
-def probe_remote_reachable(url: str, cwd: str = ".") -> bool:
+def _first_useful_line(text: str) -> str:
+    lines: list[str] = []
+    for line in (text or "").splitlines():
+        s = line.strip()
+        if s:
+            lines.append(s)
+
+    if not lines:
+        return ""
+
+    preferred_keywords = (
+        "fatal:",
+        "permission denied",
+        "repository not found",
+        "could not read from remote repository",
+        "connection refused",
+        "connection timed out",
+        "no route to host",
+        "name or service not known",
+        "temporary failure in name resolution",
+        "host key verification failed",
+        "could not resolve hostname",
+        "authentication failed",
+        "publickey",
+        "the authenticity of host",
+        "known_hosts",
+    )
+    for s in lines:
+        low = s.lower()
+        if any(k in low for k in preferred_keywords):
+            return s
+
+    # Avoid returning a meaningless "error:" if possible
+    for s in lines:
+        if s.lower() not in ("error:", "error"):
+            return s
+
+    return lines[0]
+
+
+def _looks_like_real_transport_error(text: str) -> bool:
     """
-    Check whether a remote URL is reachable.
+    True if stderr/stdout contains strong indicators that the remote is NOT usable.
+    """
+    low = (text or "").lower()
+    indicators = (
+        "repository not found",
+        "could not read from remote repository",
+        "permission denied",
+        "authentication failed",
+        "publickey",
+        "host key verification failed",
+        "could not resolve hostname",
+        "name or service not known",
+        "connection refused",
+        "connection timed out",
+        "no route to host",
+    )
+    return any(i in low for i in indicators)
 
-    Equivalent to:
-      git ls-remote --exit-code <url>
 
-    Returns:
-      True if reachable, False otherwise.
+def _format_reason(exc: GitRunError, *, url: str) -> str:
+    stderr = getattr(exc, "stderr", "") or ""
+    stdout = getattr(exc, "stdout", "") or ""
+    rc = getattr(exc, "returncode", None)
+
+    reason = (
+        _first_useful_line(stderr)
+        or _first_useful_line(stdout)
+        or _first_useful_line(str(exc))
+    )
+
+    if rc is not None:
+        reason = f"(exit {rc}) {reason}".strip() if reason else f"(exit {rc})"
+
+    # If we still have nothing useful, provide a hint to debug SSH transport
+    if not reason or reason.lower() in ("(exit 2)", "(exit 128)"):
+        reason = (
+            f"{reason} | hint: run "
+            f"GIT_SSH_COMMAND='ssh -vvv' git ls-remote --exit-code {url!r}"
+        ).strip()
+
+    return reason.strip()
+
+
+def probe_remote_reachable_detail(url: str, cwd: str = ".") -> Tuple[bool, str]:
+    """
+    Probe whether a remote URL is reachable.
+
+    Implementation detail:
+      - We run `git ls-remote --exit-code <url>`.
+      - Git may return exit code 2 when the remote is reachable but no refs exist
+        (e.g. an empty repository). We treat that as reachable.
     """
     try:
         run(["ls-remote", "--exit-code", url], cwd=cwd)
-        return True
-    except GitRunError:
-        return False
+        return True, ""
+    except GitRunError as exc:
+        rc = getattr(exc, "returncode", None)
+        stderr = getattr(exc, "stderr", "") or ""
+        stdout = getattr(exc, "stdout", "") or ""
+
+        # Important: `git ls-remote --exit-code` uses exit code 2 when no refs match.
+        # For a completely empty repo, this can happen even though auth/transport is OK.
+        if rc == 2 and not _looks_like_real_transport_error(stderr + "\n" + stdout):
+            return True, "remote reachable, but no refs found yet (empty repository)"
+
+        return False, _format_reason(exc, url=url)
+
+
+def probe_remote_reachable(url: str, cwd: str = ".") -> bool:
+    ok, _ = probe_remote_reachable_detail(url, cwd=cwd)
+    return ok

src/pkgmgr/core/git/run.py

@@ -42,16 +42,34 @@ def run(
         )
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError as exc:
         stderr = exc.stderr or ""
-        if _is_not_repo_error(stderr):
-            raise GitNotRepositoryError(
-                f"Not a git repository: {cwd!r}\nCommand: {cmd_str}\nSTDERR:\n{stderr}"
-            ) from exc
+        stdout = exc.stdout or ""
 
-        raise GitRunError(
+        if _is_not_repo_error(stderr):
+            err = GitNotRepositoryError(
+                f"Not a git repository: {cwd!r}\nCommand: {cmd_str}\nSTDERR:\n{stderr}"
+            )
+            # Attach details for callers who want to debug
+            err.cwd = cwd
+            err.cmd = cmd
+            err.cmd_str = cmd_str
+            err.returncode = exc.returncode
+            err.stdout = stdout
+            err.stderr = stderr
+            raise err from exc
+
+        err = GitRunError(
             f"Git command failed in {cwd!r}: {cmd_str}\n"
             f"Exit code: {exc.returncode}\n"
-            f"STDOUT:\n{exc.stdout}\n"
+            f"STDOUT:\n{stdout}\n"
             f"STDERR:\n{stderr}"
-        ) from exc
+        )
+        # Attach details for callers who want to debug
+        err.cwd = cwd
+        err.cmd = cmd
+        err.cmd_str = cmd_str
+        err.returncode = exc.returncode
+        err.stdout = stdout
+        err.stderr = stderr
+        raise err from exc
 
     return result.stdout.strip()

src/pkgmgr/core/remote_provisioning/__init__.py

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
-# src/pkgmgr/core/remote_provisioning/__init__.py
 """Remote repository provisioning (ensure remote repo exists)."""
 
 from .ensure import ensure_remote_repo
 from .registry import ProviderRegistry
 from .types import EnsureResult, ProviderHint, RepoSpec
+from .visibility import set_repo_visibility
 
 __all__ = [
     "ensure_remote_repo",
+    "set_repo_visibility",
     "RepoSpec",
     "EnsureResult",
     "ProviderHint",

src/pkgmgr/core/remote_provisioning/providers/base.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# src/pkgmgr/core/remote_provisioning/providers/base.py
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
@@ -23,7 +22,26 @@ class RemoteProvider(ABC):
     def create_repo(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec) -> EnsureResult:
         """Create a repository (owner may be user or org)."""
 
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_repo_private(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec) -> bool | None:
+        """
+        Return current repo privacy, or None if repo not found / inaccessible.
+
+        IMPORTANT:
+        - Must NOT create repositories.
+        - Should return None on 404 (not found) or when the repo cannot be accessed.
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def set_repo_private(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec, *, private: bool) -> None:
+        """
+        Update repo privacy (PATCH). Must NOT create repositories.
+
+        Implementations should raise HttpError on API failure.
+        """
+
     def ensure_repo(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec) -> EnsureResult:
+        """Ensure repository exists (create if missing)."""
         if self.repo_exists(token, spec):
             return EnsureResult(status="exists", message="Repository exists.")
         return self.create_repo(token, spec)

src/pkgmgr/core/remote_provisioning/providers/gitea.py

@@ -52,6 +52,39 @@ class GiteaProvider(RemoteProvider):
                 return False
             raise
 
+    def get_repo_private(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec) -> bool | None:
+        base = self._api_base(spec.host)
+        url = f"{base}/api/v1/repos/{spec.owner}/{spec.name}"
+        try:
+            resp = self._http.request_json("GET", url, headers=self._headers(token))
+        except HttpError as exc:
+            if exc.status == 404:
+                return None
+            raise
+
+        if not (200 <= resp.status < 300):
+            return None
+        data = resp.json or {}
+        return bool(data.get("private", False))
+
+    def set_repo_private(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec, *, private: bool) -> None:
+        base = self._api_base(spec.host)
+        url = f"{base}/api/v1/repos/{spec.owner}/{spec.name}"
+        payload: Dict[str, Any] = {"private": bool(private)}
+
+        resp = self._http.request_json(
+            "PATCH",
+            url,
+            headers=self._headers(token),
+            payload=payload,
+        )
+        if not (200 <= resp.status < 300):
+            raise HttpError(
+                status=resp.status,
+                message="Failed to update repository.",
+                body=resp.text,
+            )
+
     def create_repo(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec) -> EnsureResult:
         base = self._api_base(spec.host)
 

src/pkgmgr/core/remote_provisioning/providers/github.py

@@ -54,6 +54,39 @@ class GitHubProvider(RemoteProvider):
                 return False
             raise
 
+    def get_repo_private(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec) -> bool | None:
+        api = self._api_base(spec.host)
+        url = f"{api}/repos/{spec.owner}/{spec.name}"
+        try:
+            resp = self._http.request_json("GET", url, headers=self._headers(token))
+        except HttpError as exc:
+            if exc.status == 404:
+                return None
+            raise
+
+        if not (200 <= resp.status < 300):
+            return None
+        data = resp.json or {}
+        return bool(data.get("private", False))
+
+    def set_repo_private(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec, *, private: bool) -> None:
+        api = self._api_base(spec.host)
+        url = f"{api}/repos/{spec.owner}/{spec.name}"
+        payload: Dict[str, Any] = {"private": bool(private)}
+
+        resp = self._http.request_json(
+            "PATCH",
+            url,
+            headers=self._headers(token),
+            payload=payload,
+        )
+        if not (200 <= resp.status < 300):
+            raise HttpError(
+                status=resp.status,
+                message="Failed to update repository.",
+                body=resp.text,
+            )
+
     def create_repo(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec) -> EnsureResult:
         api = self._api_base(spec.host)
 

src/pkgmgr/core/remote_provisioning/types.py

@@ -1,10 +1,17 @@
-# src/pkgmgr/core/remote_provisioning/types.py
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from typing import Literal, Optional
 
-EnsureStatus = Literal["exists", "created", "skipped", "failed"]
+EnsureStatus = Literal[
+    "exists",
+    "created",
+    "updated",
+    "noop",
+    "notfound",
+    "skipped",
+    "failed",
+]
 
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)

src/pkgmgr/core/remote_provisioning/visibility.py

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+# src/pkgmgr/core/remote_provisioning/visibility.py
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pkgmgr.core.credentials.resolver import ResolutionOptions, TokenResolver
+
+from .http.errors import HttpError
+from .registry import ProviderRegistry
+from .types import (
+    AuthError,
+    EnsureResult,
+    NetworkError,
+    PermissionError,
+    ProviderHint,
+    RepoSpec,
+    UnsupportedProviderError,
+)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class VisibilityOptions:
+    """Options controlling remote visibility updates."""
+
+    preview: bool = False
+    interactive: bool = True
+    allow_prompt: bool = True
+    save_prompt_token_to_keyring: bool = True
+
+
+def _raise_mapped_http_error(exc: HttpError, host: str) -> None:
+    """Map HttpError into domain-specific error types."""
+    if exc.status == 0:
+        raise NetworkError(f"Network error while talking to {host}: {exc}") from exc
+    if exc.status == 401:
+        raise AuthError(f"Authentication failed for {host} (401).") from exc
+    if exc.status == 403:
+        raise PermissionError(f"Permission denied for {host} (403).") from exc
+
+    raise NetworkError(
+        f"HTTP error from {host}: status={exc.status}, message={exc}, body={exc.body}"
+    ) from exc
+
+
+def set_repo_visibility(
+    spec: RepoSpec,
+    *,
+    private: bool,
+    provider_hint: Optional[ProviderHint] = None,
+    options: Optional[VisibilityOptions] = None,
+    registry: Optional[ProviderRegistry] = None,
+    token_resolver: Optional[TokenResolver] = None,
+) -> EnsureResult:
+    """
+    Set repository visibility (public/private) WITHOUT creating repositories.
+
+    Behavior:
+      - If repo does not exist -> status=notfound
+      - If already desired -> status=noop
+      - If changed -> status=updated
+      - Respects preview mode -> status=skipped
+      - Maps HTTP errors to domain-specific errors
+    """
+    opts = options or VisibilityOptions()
+    reg = registry or ProviderRegistry.default()
+    resolver = token_resolver or TokenResolver()
+
+    provider = reg.resolve(spec.host)
+    if provider_hint and provider_hint.kind:
+        forced = provider_hint.kind.strip().lower()
+        forced_provider = next(
+            (p for p in reg.providers if getattr(p, "kind", "").lower() == forced),
+            None,
+        )
+        if forced_provider is not None:
+            provider = forced_provider
+
+    if provider is None:
+        raise UnsupportedProviderError(f"No provider matched host: {spec.host}")
+
+    token_opts = ResolutionOptions(
+        interactive=opts.interactive,
+        allow_prompt=opts.allow_prompt,
+        save_prompt_token_to_keyring=opts.save_prompt_token_to_keyring,
+    )
+    token = resolver.get_token(
+        provider_kind=getattr(provider, "kind", "unknown"),
+        host=spec.host,
+        owner=spec.owner,
+        options=token_opts,
+    )
+
+    if opts.preview:
+        return EnsureResult(
+            status="skipped",
+            message="Preview mode: no remote changes performed.",
+        )
+
+    try:
+        current_private = provider.get_repo_private(token.token, spec)
+        if current_private is None:
+            return EnsureResult(status="notfound", message="Repository not found.")
+
+        if bool(current_private) == bool(private):
+            return EnsureResult(
+                status="noop",
+                message=f"Repository already {'private' if private else 'public'}.",
+            )
+
+        provider.set_repo_private(token.token, spec, private=private)
+        return EnsureResult(
+            status="updated",
+            message=f"Visibility updated to {'private' if private else 'public'}.",
+        )
+    except HttpError as exc:
+        _raise_mapped_http_error(exc, host=spec.host)
+        return EnsureResult(status="failed", message="Unreachable error mapping.")

tests/e2e/test_mirror_visibility_smoke.py

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+# tests/e2e/test_mirror_visibility_smoke.py
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import unittest
+from pathlib import Path
+
+
+class TestMirrorVisibilityE2ESmoke(unittest.TestCase):
+    """
+    E2E smoke tests for the new mirror visibility feature.
+
+    We intentionally DO NOT execute provider APIs or require tokens.
+    The tests only verify that:
+      - CLI exposes the new subcommands / flags via --help
+      - Python public API surface is wired and importable
+
+    IMPORTANT:
+      - `python -m pkgmgr.cli` is NOT valid unless pkgmgr/cli/__main__.py exists.
+      - In this repo, `from pkgmgr.cli import main` is the stable entrypoint.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _project_root() -> Path:
+        # tests/e2e/... -> project root is parents[2]
+        return Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]
+
+    def _run(self, args: list[str]) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess[str]:
+        env = os.environ.copy()
+        env.setdefault("PYTHONUNBUFFERED", "1")
+
+        return subprocess.run(
+            args,
+            cwd=str(self._project_root()),
+            env=env,
+            text=True,
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+            check=False,
+        )
+
+    def _run_pkgmgr(self, pkgmgr_args: list[str]) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess[str]:
+        """
+        Run the pkgmgr CLI in a way that works both:
+          - when the console script `pkgmgr` is available on PATH
+          - when only source imports are available
+
+        We prefer the console script if present because it's closest to real E2E.
+        """
+        exe = shutil.which("pkgmgr")
+        if exe:
+            return self._run([exe, *pkgmgr_args])
+
+        # Fallback to a Python-level entrypoint that exists in your repo:
+        # The stacktrace showed: from pkgmgr.cli import main
+        # We call it with argv simulation.
+        code = r"""
+import sys
+from pkgmgr.cli import main
+
+sys.argv = ["pkgmgr"] + sys.argv[1:]
+main()
+"""
+        return self._run([sys.executable, "-c", code, *pkgmgr_args])
+
+    def test_cli_help_lists_visibility_and_provision_public(self) -> None:
+        # `pkgmgr mirror --help` should mention "visibility"
+        p = self._run_pkgmgr(["mirror", "--help"])
+        self.assertEqual(
+            p.returncode,
+            0,
+            msg=f"Expected exit code 0, got {p.returncode}\n\nOutput:\n{p.stdout}",
+        )
+        out_lower = p.stdout.lower()
+        self.assertIn("visibility", out_lower)
+        self.assertIn("provision", out_lower)
+
+        # `pkgmgr mirror provision --help` should show `--public`
+        p = self._run_pkgmgr(["mirror", "provision", "--help"])
+        self.assertEqual(
+            p.returncode,
+            0,
+            msg=f"Expected exit code 0, got {p.returncode}\n\nOutput:\n{p.stdout}",
+        )
+        self.assertIn("--public", p.stdout)
+
+        # `pkgmgr mirror visibility --help` should show choices {private, public}
+        p = self._run_pkgmgr(["mirror", "visibility", "--help"])
+        self.assertEqual(
+            p.returncode,
+            0,
+            msg=f"Expected exit code 0, got {p.returncode}\n\nOutput:\n{p.stdout}",
+        )
+        out_lower = p.stdout.lower()
+        self.assertIn("private", out_lower)
+        self.assertIn("public", out_lower)
+
+    def test_python_api_surface_is_exposed(self) -> None:
+        # Ensure public exports exist and setup_mirrors has ensure_visibility in signature.
+        code = r"""
+import inspect
+
+from pkgmgr.actions import mirror as mirror_actions
+from pkgmgr.core import remote_provisioning as rp
+
+assert hasattr(mirror_actions, "set_mirror_visibility"), "set_mirror_visibility missing in pkgmgr.actions.mirror"
+assert hasattr(rp, "set_repo_visibility"), "set_repo_visibility missing in pkgmgr.core.remote_provisioning"
+
+sig = inspect.signature(mirror_actions.setup_mirrors)
+assert "ensure_visibility" in sig.parameters, "setup_mirrors missing ensure_visibility parameter"
+
+print("OK")
+"""
+        p = self._run([sys.executable, "-c", code])
+        self.assertEqual(
+            p.returncode,
+            0,
+            msg=f"Expected exit code 0, got {p.returncode}\n\nOutput:\n{p.stdout}",
+        )
+        self.assertIn("OK", p.stdout)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/integration/test_mirror_commands.py

@@ -113,17 +113,12 @@ class TestIntegrationMirrorCommands(unittest.TestCase):
                     )
                 )
 
-                # Deterministic remote probing (new refactor: probe_remote_reachable)
+                # Deterministic remote probing (refactor: probe_remote_reachable_detail)
+                # Patch where it is USED (setup_cmd imported it directly).
                 stack.enter_context(
                     _p(
-                        "pkgmgr.core.git.queries.probe_remote_reachable",
-                        return_value=True,
-                    )
-                )
-                stack.enter_context(
-                    _p(
-                        "pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.probe_remote_reachable",
-                        return_value=True,
+                        "pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.probe_remote_reachable_detail",
+                        return_value=(True, ""),
                     )
                 )
 

tests/integration/test_mirror_probe_detail_and_provision.py

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+Integration test for mirror probing + provisioning after refactor.
+
+We test the CLI entrypoint `handle_mirror_command()` directly to avoid
+depending on repo-selection / config parsing for `--all`.
+
+Covers:
+- setup_cmd uses probe_remote_reachable_detail()
+- check prints [OK]/[WARN] and 'reason:' lines for failures
+- provision triggers ensure_remote_repo (preview-safe) for each git mirror
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import io
+import tempfile
+import unittest
+from contextlib import redirect_stderr, redirect_stdout
+from pathlib import Path
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, PropertyMock, patch
+
+from pkgmgr.cli.commands.mirror import handle_mirror_command
+
+
+class TestIntegrationMirrorProbeDetailAndProvision(unittest.TestCase):
+    def _make_ctx(
+        self, *, repositories_base_dir: str, all_repositories: list[dict]
+    ) -> MagicMock:
+        ctx = MagicMock()
+        ctx.repositories_base_dir = repositories_base_dir
+        ctx.all_repositories = all_repositories
+        # mirror merge may look at this; keep it present for safety
+        ctx.user_config_path = str(Path(repositories_base_dir) / "user.yml")
+        return ctx
+
+    def _make_dummy_repo_ctx(self, *, repo_dir: str) -> MagicMock:
+        """
+        This is the RepoMirrorContext-like object returned by build_context().
+        """
+        dummy = MagicMock()
+        dummy.identifier = "dummy-repo"
+        dummy.repo_dir = repo_dir
+        dummy.config_mirrors = {"origin": "git@github.com:alice/repo.git"}
+        dummy.file_mirrors = {"backup": "ssh://git@git.example:2201/alice/repo.git"}
+        type(dummy).resolved_mirrors = PropertyMock(
+            return_value={
+                "origin": "git@github.com:alice/repo.git",
+                "backup": "ssh://git@git.example:2201/alice/repo.git",
+            }
+        )
+        return dummy
+
+    def _run_handle(
+        self,
+        *,
+        subcommand: str,
+        preview: bool,
+        selected: list[dict],
+        dummy_repo_dir: str,
+        probe_detail_side_effect,
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Run handle_mirror_command() with patched side effects and capture output.
+        """
+        args = SimpleNamespace(subcommand=subcommand, preview=preview)
+
+        # Fake ensure_remote_repo result (preview safe)
+        def _fake_ensure_remote_repo(spec, provider_hint=None, options=None):
+            if options is not None and getattr(options, "preview", False) is not True:
+                raise AssertionError(
+                    "ensure_remote_repo called without preview=True (should never happen in tests)."
+                )
+            r = MagicMock()
+            r.status = "preview"
+            r.message = "Preview mode: no remote provisioning performed."
+            r.url = None
+            return r
+
+        buf = io.StringIO()
+        ctx = self._make_ctx(
+            repositories_base_dir=str(Path(dummy_repo_dir).parent),
+            all_repositories=selected,
+        )
+        dummy_repo_ctx = self._make_dummy_repo_ctx(repo_dir=dummy_repo_dir)
+
+        with (
+            patch(
+                "pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.build_context",
+                return_value=dummy_repo_ctx,
+            ),
+            patch(
+                "pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.ensure_origin_remote",
+                return_value=None,
+            ),
+            patch(
+                "pkgmgr.actions.mirror.git_remote.ensure_origin_remote",
+                return_value=None,
+            ),
+            patch(
+                "pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.probe_remote_reachable_detail",
+                side_effect=probe_detail_side_effect,
+            ),
+            patch(
+                "pkgmgr.actions.mirror.remote_provision.ensure_remote_repo",
+                side_effect=_fake_ensure_remote_repo,
+            ),
+            redirect_stdout(buf),
+            redirect_stderr(buf),
+        ):
+            handle_mirror_command(ctx, args, selected)
+
+        return buf.getvalue()
+
+    def test_mirror_check_preview_prints_warn_reason(self) -> None:
+        """
+        'mirror check --preview' should:
+        - probe both git mirrors
+        - print [OK] for origin
+        - print [WARN] for backup + reason line
+        """
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp:
+            tmp_path = Path(tmp)
+            repo_dir = tmp_path / "dummy-repo"
+            repo_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+            selected = [
+                {"provider": "github.com", "account": "alice", "repository": "repo"}
+            ]
+
+            def probe_side_effect(url: str, cwd: str = "."):
+                if "github.com" in url:
+                    # show "empty repo reachable" note; setup_cmd prints [OK] and does not print reason for ok
+                    return (
+                        True,
+                        "remote reachable, but no refs found yet (empty repository)",
+                    )
+                return False, "(exit 128) fatal: Could not read from remote repository."
+
+            out = self._run_handle(
+                subcommand="check",
+                preview=True,
+                selected=selected,
+                dummy_repo_dir=str(repo_dir),
+                probe_detail_side_effect=probe_side_effect,
+            )
+
+            self.assertIn("[MIRROR SETUP:REMOTE]", out)
+
+            # origin OK (even with a note returned; still OK)
+            self.assertIn("[OK] origin: git@github.com:alice/repo.git", out)
+
+            # backup WARN prints reason line
+            self.assertIn(
+                "[WARN] backup: ssh://git@git.example:2201/alice/repo.git", out
+            )
+            self.assertIn("reason:", out)
+            self.assertIn("Could not read from remote repository", out)
+
+    def test_mirror_provision_preview_provisions_each_git_mirror(self) -> None:
+        """
+        'mirror provision --preview' should:
+        - print provisioning lines for each git mirror
+        - still probe and print [OK]/[WARN]
+        - call ensure_remote_repo only in preview mode (enforced by fake)
+        """
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp:
+            tmp_path = Path(tmp)
+            repo_dir = tmp_path / "dummy-repo"
+            repo_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+            selected = [
+                {
+                    "provider": "github.com",
+                    "account": "alice",
+                    "repository": "repo",
+                    "private": True,
+                    "description": "desc",
+                }
+            ]
+
+            def probe_side_effect(url: str, cwd: str = "."):
+                if "github.com" in url:
+                    return True, ""
+                return False, "(exit 128) fatal: Could not read from remote repository."
+
+            out = self._run_handle(
+                subcommand="provision",
+                preview=True,
+                selected=selected,
+                dummy_repo_dir=str(repo_dir),
+                probe_detail_side_effect=probe_side_effect,
+            )
+
+            # provisioning should attempt BOTH mirrors
+            self.assertIn(
+                "[REMOTE ENSURE] ensuring mirror 'origin': git@github.com:alice/repo.git",
+                out,
+            )
+            self.assertIn(
+                "[REMOTE ENSURE] ensuring mirror 'backup': ssh://git@git.example:2201/alice/repo.git",
+                out,
+            )
+
+            # patched ensure_remote_repo prints PREVIEW status via remote_provision
+            self.assertIn("[REMOTE ENSURE]", out)
+            self.assertIn("PREVIEW", out.upper())
+
+            # probes after provisioning
+            self.assertIn("[OK] origin: git@github.com:alice/repo.git", out)
+            self.assertIn(
+                "[WARN] backup: ssh://git@git.example:2201/alice/repo.git", out
+            )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/integration/test_repos_create_pypi_not_in_git_config.py

@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ class TestCreateRepoPypiNotInGitConfig(unittest.TestCase):
             with (
                 # Avoid any real network calls during mirror "remote probing"
                 patch(
-                    "pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.probe_remote_reachable",
-                    return_value=True,
+                    "pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.probe_remote_reachable_detail",
+                    return_value=(True, ""),
                 ),
                 # Force templates to come from our temp directory
                 patch(

tests/integration/test_visibility_integration.py

@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+# tests/integration/test_visibility_integration.py
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import io
+import os
+import tempfile
+import types
+import unittest
+from contextlib import redirect_stdout
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd import setup_mirrors
+from pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd import set_mirror_visibility
+from pkgmgr.core.remote_provisioning.types import RepoSpec
+
+
+Repository = Dict[str, Any]
+
+
+class _FakeRegistry:
+    """
+    Minimal ProviderRegistry-like object for tests.
+
+    - has .providers for provider-hint selection
+    - has .resolve(host) to pick a provider
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, provider: Any) -> None:
+        self.providers = [provider]
+        self._provider = provider
+
+    def resolve(self, host: str) -> Any:
+        return self._provider
+
+
+class FakeProvider:
+    """
+    Fake remote provider implementing the visibility API surface.
+
+    Key feature: tolerant host matching, because normalize_provider_host()/URL parsing
+    may drop ports or schemes.
+    """
+
+    kind = "gitea"
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        # maps (host, owner, name) -> private(bool)
+        self.privacy: Dict[Tuple[str, str, str], bool] = {}
+        self.calls: List[Tuple[str, Any]] = []
+
+    def can_handle(self, host: str) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def _candidate_hosts(self, host: str) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        Be tolerant against host normalization differences:
+        - may contain scheme (https://...)
+        - may contain port (host:2201)
+        """
+        h = (host or "").strip()
+        if not h:
+            return [h]
+
+        candidates = [h]
+
+        # strip scheme if present
+        if h.startswith("http://"):
+            candidates.append(h[len("http://") :])
+        if h.startswith("https://"):
+            candidates.append(h[len("https://") :])
+
+        # strip port if present (host:port)
+        for c in list(candidates):
+            if ":" in c:
+                candidates.append(c.split(":", 1)[0])
+
+        # de-dup
+        out: List[str] = []
+        for c in candidates:
+            if c not in out:
+                out.append(c)
+        return out
+
+    def repo_exists(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec) -> bool:
+        self.calls.append(("repo_exists", (token, spec)))
+        for h in self._candidate_hosts(spec.host):
+            if (h, spec.owner, spec.name) in self.privacy:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def create_repo(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec):
+        self.calls.append(("create_repo", (token, spec)))
+        # store under the provided host (as-is)
+        self.privacy[(spec.host, spec.owner, spec.name)] = bool(spec.private)
+        return types.SimpleNamespace(status="created", message="created", url=None)
+
+    def get_repo_private(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec) -> Optional[bool]:
+        self.calls.append(("get_repo_private", (token, spec)))
+        for h in self._candidate_hosts(spec.host):
+            key = (h, spec.owner, spec.name)
+            if key in self.privacy:
+                return self.privacy[key]
+        return None
+
+    def set_repo_private(self, token: str, spec: RepoSpec, *, private: bool) -> None:
+        self.calls.append(("set_repo_private", (token, spec, private)))
+        # update whichever key exists; else create on spec.host
+        for h in self._candidate_hosts(spec.host):
+            key = (h, spec.owner, spec.name)
+            if key in self.privacy:
+                self.privacy[key] = bool(private)
+                return
+        self.privacy[(spec.host, spec.owner, spec.name)] = bool(private)
+
+
+def _mk_ctx(*, identifier: str, repo_dir: str, mirrors: Dict[str, str]) -> Any:
+    return types.SimpleNamespace(
+        identifier=identifier,
+        repo_dir=repo_dir,
+        resolved_mirrors=mirrors,
+    )
+
+
+class TestMirrorVisibilityIntegration(unittest.TestCase):
+    """
+    Integration tests for:
+      - pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.set_mirror_visibility
+      - pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.setup_mirrors (ensure_visibility semantics)
+    """
+
+    def setUp(self) -> None:
+        self.tmp = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()
+        self.addCleanup(self.tmp.cleanup)
+
+    def _repo_dir(self, name: str) -> str:
+        d = os.path.join(self.tmp.name, name)
+        os.makedirs(d, exist_ok=True)
+        return d
+
+    @patch("pkgmgr.core.credentials.resolver.TokenResolver.get_token")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.core.remote_provisioning.visibility.ProviderRegistry.default")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.build_context")
+    def test_mirror_visibility_applies_to_all_git_mirrors_updated_and_noop(
+        self,
+        m_build_context,
+        m_registry_default,
+        m_get_token,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Scenario:
+          - repo has two git mirrors
+          - one mirror needs update -> UPDATED
+          - second mirror already desired -> NOOP
+        """
+        provider = FakeProvider()
+        registry = _FakeRegistry(provider)
+        m_registry_default.return_value = registry
+
+        # Avoid interactive token prompt
+        m_get_token.return_value = types.SimpleNamespace(token="test-token")
+
+        # Seed provider state:
+        # - repo1 currently private=True
+        # - We'll set visibility to public -> should UPDATE
+        provider.privacy[("git.veen.world", "me", "repo1")] = True
+
+        repo = {"id": "repo1", "description": "Repo 1"}
+        repo_dir = self._repo_dir("repo1")
+
+        m_build_context.return_value = _mk_ctx(
+            identifier="repo1",
+            repo_dir=repo_dir,
+            mirrors={
+                "origin": "ssh://git.veen.world:2201/me/repo1.git",
+                "backup": "https://git.veen.world:2201/me/repo1.git",
+            },
+        )
+
+        buf = io.StringIO()
+        with redirect_stdout(buf):
+            set_mirror_visibility(
+                selected_repos=[repo],
+                repositories_base_dir=self.tmp.name,
+                all_repos=[repo],
+                visibility="public",
+                preview=False,
+            )
+        out = buf.getvalue()
+
+        # We apply to BOTH git mirrors.
+        self.assertIn("[MIRROR VISIBILITY] applying to mirror 'origin':", out)
+        self.assertIn("[MIRROR VISIBILITY] applying to mirror 'backup':", out)
+
+        # After first update, second call will see it already public (NOOP).
+        self.assertIn("[REMOTE VISIBILITY] UPDATED:", out)
+        self.assertIn("[REMOTE VISIBILITY] NOOP:", out)
+
+        # Final state must be public (private=False)
+        self.assertFalse(provider.privacy[("git.veen.world", "me", "repo1")])
+
+    @patch("pkgmgr.core.credentials.resolver.TokenResolver.get_token")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.core.remote_provisioning.visibility.ProviderRegistry.default")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.build_context")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.determine_primary_remote_url")
+    def test_mirror_visibility_fallback_to_primary_when_no_git_mirrors(
+        self,
+        m_determine_primary,
+        m_build_context,
+        m_registry_default,
+        m_get_token,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Scenario:
+          - no git mirrors in MIRRORS config
+          - we fall back to primary URL and apply visibility there
+        """
+        provider = FakeProvider()
+        registry = _FakeRegistry(provider)
+        m_registry_default.return_value = registry
+        m_get_token.return_value = types.SimpleNamespace(token="test-token")
+
+        # Seed state: currently public (private=False), target private -> UPDATED
+        provider.privacy[("git.veen.world", "me", "repo2")] = False
+
+        repo = {"id": "repo2", "description": "Repo 2"}
+        repo_dir = self._repo_dir("repo2")
+
+        m_build_context.return_value = _mk_ctx(
+            identifier="repo2",
+            repo_dir=repo_dir,
+            mirrors={
+                # non-git mirror entries
+                "pypi": "https://pypi.org/project/example/",
+            },
+        )
+        m_determine_primary.return_value = "ssh://git.veen.world:2201/me/repo2.git"
+
+        buf = io.StringIO()
+        with redirect_stdout(buf):
+            set_mirror_visibility(
+                selected_repos=[repo],
+                repositories_base_dir=self.tmp.name,
+                all_repos=[repo],
+                visibility="private",
+                preview=False,
+            )
+        out = buf.getvalue()
+
+        self.assertIn("[MIRROR VISIBILITY] applying to primary:", out)
+        self.assertIn("[REMOTE VISIBILITY] UPDATED:", out)
+        self.assertTrue(provider.privacy[("git.veen.world", "me", "repo2")])
+
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.probe_remote_reachable_detail")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.ensure_remote_repository_for_url")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.core.credentials.resolver.TokenResolver.get_token")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.core.remote_provisioning.visibility.ProviderRegistry.default")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.build_context")
+    def test_setup_mirrors_provision_public_enforces_visibility_and_private_default(
+        self,
+        m_build_context,
+        m_registry_default,
+        m_get_token,
+        m_ensure_remote_for_url,
+        m_probe,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Covers the "mirror provision --public" semantics:
+          - setup_mirrors(remote=True, ensure_remote=True, ensure_visibility="public")
+          - ensure_remote_repository_for_url is called with private_default=False
+          - then set_repo_visibility is applied (UPDATED/NOOP depending on current state)
+          - git probing is mocked (no subprocess)
+        """
+        provider = FakeProvider()
+        registry = _FakeRegistry(provider)
+        m_registry_default.return_value = registry
+        m_get_token.return_value = types.SimpleNamespace(token="test-token")
+
+        # Make git probing always OK (no subprocess calls)
+        m_probe.return_value = (True, "")
+
+        # Seed provider: repo4 currently private=True, target public -> UPDATED
+        provider.privacy[("git.veen.world", "me", "repo4")] = True
+
+        repo = {"id": "repo4", "description": "Repo 4", "private": True}
+        repo_dir = self._repo_dir("repo4")
+
+        m_build_context.return_value = _mk_ctx(
+            identifier="repo4",
+            repo_dir=repo_dir,
+            mirrors={
+                "origin": "ssh://git.veen.world:2201/me/repo4.git",
+            },
+        )
+
+        buf = io.StringIO()
+        with redirect_stdout(buf):
+            setup_mirrors(
+                selected_repos=[repo],
+                repositories_base_dir=self.tmp.name,
+                all_repos=[repo],
+                preview=False,
+                local=False,
+                remote=True,
+                ensure_remote=True,
+                ensure_visibility="public",
+            )
+        out = buf.getvalue()
+
+        # ensure_remote_repository_for_url called and private_default overridden to False
+        self.assertTrue(m_ensure_remote_for_url.called)
+        _, kwargs = m_ensure_remote_for_url.call_args
+        self.assertIn("private_default", kwargs)
+        self.assertFalse(kwargs["private_default"])
+
+        # Visibility should be enforced
+        self.assertIn("[REMOTE VISIBILITY] UPDATED:", out)
+        self.assertFalse(provider.privacy[("git.veen.world", "me", "repo4")])
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/unit/pkgmgr/actions/mirror/test_setup_cmd.py

@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ class TestMirrorSetupCmd(unittest.TestCase):
             ensure_remote=False,
         )
 
-        # ensure_origin_remote(repo, ctx, preview) is called positionally in your code
         m_ensure.assert_called_once()
         args, kwargs = m_ensure.call_args
 
@@ -50,13 +49,13 @@ class TestMirrorSetupCmd(unittest.TestCase):
 
     @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.build_context")
     @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.determine_primary_remote_url")
-    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.probe_remote_reachable")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.probe_remote_reachable_detail")
     def test_setup_mirrors_remote_no_mirrors_probes_primary(
-        self, m_probe, m_primary, m_ctx
+        self, m_probe_detail, m_primary, m_ctx
     ) -> None:
         m_ctx.return_value = self._ctx(repo_dir="/tmp/repo", resolved={})
         m_primary.return_value = "git@github.com:alice/repo.git"
-        m_probe.return_value = True
+        m_probe_detail.return_value = (True, "")
 
         repos = [{"provider": "github.com", "account": "alice", "repository": "repo"}]
         setup_mirrors(
@@ -70,14 +69,14 @@ class TestMirrorSetupCmd(unittest.TestCase):
         )
 
         m_primary.assert_called()
-        m_probe.assert_called_once_with(
+        m_probe_detail.assert_called_once_with(
             "git@github.com:alice/repo.git", cwd="/tmp/repo"
         )
 
     @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.build_context")
-    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.probe_remote_reachable")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.probe_remote_reachable_detail")
     def test_setup_mirrors_remote_with_mirrors_probes_each(
-        self, m_probe, m_ctx
+        self, m_probe_detail, m_ctx
     ) -> None:
         m_ctx.return_value = self._ctx(
             repo_dir="/tmp/repo",
@@ -86,7 +85,7 @@ class TestMirrorSetupCmd(unittest.TestCase):
                 "backup": "ssh://git@git.veen.world:2201/alice/repo.git",
             },
         )
-        m_probe.return_value = True
+        m_probe_detail.return_value = (True, "")
 
         repos = [{"provider": "github.com", "account": "alice", "repository": "repo"}]
         setup_mirrors(
@@ -99,12 +98,105 @@ class TestMirrorSetupCmd(unittest.TestCase):
             ensure_remote=False,
         )
 
-        self.assertEqual(m_probe.call_count, 2)
-        m_probe.assert_any_call("git@github.com:alice/repo.git", cwd="/tmp/repo")
-        m_probe.assert_any_call(
+        # Should probe BOTH git mirror URLs
+        self.assertEqual(m_probe_detail.call_count, 2)
+        m_probe_detail.assert_any_call("git@github.com:alice/repo.git", cwd="/tmp/repo")
+        m_probe_detail.assert_any_call(
             "ssh://git@git.veen.world:2201/alice/repo.git", cwd="/tmp/repo"
         )
 
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.build_context")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.probe_remote_reachable_detail")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.ensure_remote_repository_for_url")
+    def test_setup_mirrors_remote_with_mirrors_ensure_remote_provisions_each(
+        self, m_ensure_url, m_probe_detail, m_ctx
+    ) -> None:
+        m_ctx.return_value = self._ctx(
+            repo_dir="/tmp/repo",
+            resolved={
+                "origin": "git@github.com:alice/repo.git",
+                "backup": "ssh://git@git.veen.world:2201/alice/repo.git",
+            },
+        )
+        m_probe_detail.return_value = (True, "")
+
+        repos = [
+            {
+                "provider": "github.com",
+                "account": "alice",
+                "repository": "repo",
+                "private": True,
+                "description": "desc",
+            }
+        ]
+        setup_mirrors(
+            selected_repos=repos,
+            repositories_base_dir="/tmp",
+            all_repos=repos,
+            preview=True,
+            local=False,
+            remote=True,
+            ensure_remote=True,
+        )
+
+        # Provision both mirrors
+        self.assertEqual(m_ensure_url.call_count, 2)
+        m_ensure_url.assert_any_call(
+            url="git@github.com:alice/repo.git",
+            private_default=True,
+            description="desc",
+            preview=True,
+        )
+        m_ensure_url.assert_any_call(
+            url="ssh://git@git.veen.world:2201/alice/repo.git",
+            private_default=True,
+            description="desc",
+            preview=True,
+        )
+
+        # Still probes both
+        self.assertEqual(m_probe_detail.call_count, 2)
+
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.build_context")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.determine_primary_remote_url")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.ensure_remote_repository_for_url")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.setup_cmd.probe_remote_reachable_detail")
+    def test_setup_mirrors_remote_no_mirrors_ensure_remote_provisions_primary(
+        self, m_probe_detail, m_ensure_url, m_primary, m_ctx
+    ) -> None:
+        m_ctx.return_value = self._ctx(repo_dir="/tmp/repo", resolved={})
+        m_primary.return_value = "git@github.com:alice/repo.git"
+        m_probe_detail.return_value = (True, "")
+
+        repos = [
+            {
+                "provider": "github.com",
+                "account": "alice",
+                "repository": "repo",
+                "private": False,
+                "description": "desc",
+            }
+        ]
+        setup_mirrors(
+            selected_repos=repos,
+            repositories_base_dir="/tmp",
+            all_repos=repos,
+            preview=True,
+            local=False,
+            remote=True,
+            ensure_remote=True,
+        )
+
+        m_ensure_url.assert_called_once_with(
+            url="git@github.com:alice/repo.git",
+            private_default=False,
+            description="desc",
+            preview=True,
+        )
+        m_probe_detail.assert_called_once_with(
+            "git@github.com:alice/repo.git", cwd="/tmp/repo"
+        )
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

tests/unit/pkgmgr/actions/mirror/test_visibility_cmd.py

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+# tests/unit/pkgmgr/actions/mirror/test_visibility_cmd.py
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import io
+import unittest
+from contextlib import redirect_stdout
+from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock
+
+from pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd import set_mirror_visibility
+
+
+class TestMirrorVisibilityCmd(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_invalid_visibility_raises_value_error(self) -> None:
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            set_mirror_visibility(
+                selected_repos=[{"id": "x"}],
+                repositories_base_dir="/tmp",
+                all_repos=[],
+                visibility="nope",
+            )
+
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.build_context")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.determine_primary_remote_url")
+    def test_no_git_mirrors_and_no_primary_prints_nothing_to_do(
+        self,
+        mock_determine_primary: MagicMock,
+        mock_build_ctx: MagicMock,
+    ) -> None:
+        ctx = MagicMock()
+        ctx.identifier = "repo1"
+        ctx.repo_dir = "/tmp/repo1"
+        ctx.resolved_mirrors = {"pypi": "https://pypi.org/project/x/"}  # non-git
+        mock_build_ctx.return_value = ctx
+        mock_determine_primary.return_value = None
+
+        buf = io.StringIO()
+        with redirect_stdout(buf):
+            set_mirror_visibility(
+                selected_repos=[{"id": "repo1", "description": "desc"}],
+                repositories_base_dir="/tmp",
+                all_repos=[],
+                visibility="public",
+                preview=True,
+            )
+
+        out = buf.getvalue()
+        self.assertIn("[MIRROR VISIBILITY] repo1", out)
+        self.assertIn("Nothing to do.", out)
+
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.build_context")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.determine_primary_remote_url")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.normalize_provider_host")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.parse_repo_from_git_url")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.set_repo_visibility")
+    def test_applies_to_primary_when_no_git_mirrors(
+        self,
+        mock_set_repo_visibility: MagicMock,
+        mock_parse: MagicMock,
+        mock_norm: MagicMock,
+        mock_determine_primary: MagicMock,
+        mock_build_ctx: MagicMock,
+    ) -> None:
+        ctx = MagicMock()
+        ctx.identifier = "repo1"
+        ctx.repo_dir = "/tmp/repo1"
+        ctx.resolved_mirrors = {}  # no mirrors
+        mock_build_ctx.return_value = ctx
+
+        primary = "ssh://git.veen.world:2201/me/repo1.git"
+        mock_determine_primary.return_value = primary
+
+        mock_parse.return_value = ("git.veen.world:2201", "me", "repo1")
+        mock_norm.return_value = "git.veen.world:2201"
+
+        mock_set_repo_visibility.return_value = MagicMock(
+            status="skipped", message="Preview"
+        )
+
+        buf = io.StringIO()
+        with redirect_stdout(buf):
+            set_mirror_visibility(
+                selected_repos=[{"id": "repo1", "description": "desc"}],
+                repositories_base_dir="/tmp",
+                all_repos=[],
+                visibility="private",
+                preview=True,
+            )
+
+        mock_set_repo_visibility.assert_called_once()
+        _, kwargs = mock_set_repo_visibility.call_args
+        self.assertEqual(
+            kwargs["private"], True
+        )  # visibility=private => desired_private=True
+        out = buf.getvalue()
+        self.assertIn("applying to primary", out)
+
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.build_context")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.normalize_provider_host")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.parse_repo_from_git_url")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.set_repo_visibility")
+    def test_applies_to_all_git_mirrors(
+        self,
+        mock_set_repo_visibility: MagicMock,
+        mock_parse: MagicMock,
+        mock_norm: MagicMock,
+        mock_build_ctx: MagicMock,
+    ) -> None:
+        ctx = MagicMock()
+        ctx.identifier = "repo1"
+        ctx.repo_dir = "/tmp/repo1"
+        ctx.resolved_mirrors = {
+            "origin": "ssh://git.veen.world:2201/me/repo1.git",
+            "backup": "git@git.veen.world:me/repo1.git",
+            "notgit": "https://pypi.org/project/x/",
+        }
+        mock_build_ctx.return_value = ctx
+
+        # For both URLs, parsing returns same repo
+        mock_parse.return_value = ("git.veen.world", "me", "repo1")
+        mock_norm.return_value = "git.veen.world"
+
+        mock_set_repo_visibility.return_value = MagicMock(
+            status="noop", message="Already public"
+        )
+
+        buf = io.StringIO()
+        with redirect_stdout(buf):
+            set_mirror_visibility(
+                selected_repos=[{"id": "repo1", "description": "desc"}],
+                repositories_base_dir="/tmp",
+                all_repos=[],
+                visibility="public",
+                preview=False,
+            )
+
+        # Should be called for origin + backup (2), but not for notgit
+        self.assertEqual(mock_set_repo_visibility.call_count, 2)
+
+        # Each call should request desired private=False for "public"
+        for call in mock_set_repo_visibility.call_args_list:
+            _, kwargs = call
+            self.assertEqual(kwargs["private"], False)
+
+        out = buf.getvalue()
+        self.assertIn("applying to mirror 'origin'", out)
+        self.assertIn("applying to mirror 'backup'", out)
+
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.build_context")
+    @patch("pkgmgr.actions.mirror.visibility_cmd.determine_primary_remote_url")
+    def test_primary_not_git_prints_nothing_to_do(
+        self,
+        mock_determine_primary: MagicMock,
+        mock_build_ctx: MagicMock,
+    ) -> None:
+        ctx = MagicMock()
+        ctx.identifier = "repo1"
+        ctx.repo_dir = "/tmp/repo1"
+        ctx.resolved_mirrors = {}
+        mock_build_ctx.return_value = ctx
+
+        mock_determine_primary.return_value = "https://example.com/not-a-git-url"
+
+        buf = io.StringIO()
+        with redirect_stdout(buf):
+            set_mirror_visibility(
+                selected_repos=[{"id": "repo1"}],
+                repositories_base_dir="/tmp",
+                all_repos=[],
+                visibility="public",
+            )
+
+        out = buf.getvalue()
+        self.assertIn("Nothing to do.", out)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/unit/pkgmgr/core/git/queries/test_probe_remote_reachable.py

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import importlib
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from pkgmgr.core.git.errors import GitRunError
+
+# IMPORTANT:
+# Import the MODULE, not the function exported by pkgmgr.core.git.queries.__init__.
+pr = importlib.import_module("pkgmgr.core.git.queries.probe_remote_reachable")
+
+
+def _git_error(
+    *,
+    returncode: int,
+    stderr: str = "",
+    stdout: str = "",
+    message: str = "git failed",
+) -> GitRunError:
+    """
+    Create a GitRunError that mimics what pkgmgr.core.git.run attaches.
+    """
+    exc = GitRunError(message)
+    exc.returncode = returncode
+    exc.stderr = stderr
+    exc.stdout = stdout
+    return exc
+
+
+class TestProbeRemoteReachableHelpers(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_first_useful_line_prefers_keyword_lines(self) -> None:
+        text = "\nerror:\n   \nFATAL: Could not read from remote repository.\nmore\n"
+        self.assertEqual(
+            pr._first_useful_line(text),
+            "FATAL: Could not read from remote repository.",
+        )
+
+    def test_first_useful_line_skips_plain_error_if_possible(self) -> None:
+        text = "error:\nsome other info\n"
+        self.assertEqual(pr._first_useful_line(text), "some other info")
+
+    def test_first_useful_line_returns_empty_for_empty(self) -> None:
+        self.assertEqual(pr._first_useful_line("   \n\n"), "")
+
+    def test_looks_like_real_transport_error_true(self) -> None:
+        self.assertTrue(
+            pr._looks_like_real_transport_error(
+                "fatal: Could not read from remote repository."
+            )
+        )
+
+    def test_looks_like_real_transport_error_false(self) -> None:
+        self.assertFalse(pr._looks_like_real_transport_error("some harmless output"))
+
+
+class TestProbeRemoteReachableDetail(unittest.TestCase):
+    @patch.object(pr, "run", return_value="")
+    def test_detail_success_returns_true_empty_reason(self, m_run) -> None:
+        ok, reason = pr.probe_remote_reachable_detail(
+            "git@github.com:alice/repo.git",
+            cwd="/tmp",
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(ok)
+        self.assertEqual(reason, "")
+        m_run.assert_called_once()
+
+    @patch.object(pr, "run")
+    def test_detail_rc2_without_transport_indicators_treated_as_reachable(
+        self, m_run
+    ) -> None:
+        # rc=2 but no transport/auth indicators => treat as reachable (empty repo)
+        m_run.side_effect = _git_error(
+            returncode=2,
+            stderr="",
+            stdout="",
+            message="Git command failed (exit 2)",
+        )
+
+        ok, reason = pr.probe_remote_reachable_detail(
+            "git@github.com:alice/empty.git",
+            cwd="/tmp",
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(ok)
+        self.assertIn("empty repository", reason.lower())
+
+    @patch.object(pr, "run")
+    def test_detail_rc2_with_transport_indicators_is_not_reachable(self, m_run) -> None:
+        # rc=2 but stderr indicates transport/auth problem => NOT reachable
+        m_run.side_effect = _git_error(
+            returncode=2,
+            stderr="ERROR: Repository not found.",
+            stdout="",
+            message="Git command failed (exit 2)",
+        )
+
+        ok, reason = pr.probe_remote_reachable_detail(
+            "git@github.com:alice/missing.git",
+            cwd="/tmp",
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(ok)
+        self.assertIn("repository not found", reason.lower())
+
+    @patch.object(pr, "run")
+    def test_detail_rc128_reports_reason(self, m_run) -> None:
+        m_run.side_effect = _git_error(
+            returncode=128,
+            stderr="fatal: Could not read from remote repository.",
+            stdout="",
+            message="Git command failed (exit 128)",
+        )
+
+        ok, reason = pr.probe_remote_reachable_detail(
+            "ssh://git@host:2201/a/b.git",
+            cwd="/tmp",
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(ok)
+        self.assertIn("(exit 128)", reason.lower())
+        self.assertIn("could not read from remote repository", reason.lower())
+
+    @patch.object(pr, "run")
+    def test_detail_adds_hint_if_reason_is_generic(self, m_run) -> None:
+        # Generic failure: rc=128 but no stderr/stdout => should append hint
+        m_run.side_effect = _git_error(
+            returncode=128,
+            stderr="",
+            stdout="",
+            message="",
+        )
+
+        url = "git@github.com:alice/repo.git"
+        ok, reason = pr.probe_remote_reachable_detail(url, cwd="/tmp")
+
+        self.assertFalse(ok)
+        self.assertIn("hint:", reason.lower())
+        self.assertIn("git ls-remote --exit-code", reason.lower())
+
+    @patch.object(pr, "probe_remote_reachable_detail", return_value=(True, ""))
+    def test_probe_remote_reachable_delegates_to_detail(self, m_detail) -> None:
+        self.assertTrue(pr.probe_remote_reachable("x", cwd="/tmp"))
+        m_detail.assert_called_once_with("x", cwd="/tmp")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/unit/pkgmgr/core/remote_provisioning/test_visibility.py

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+# tests/unit/pkgmgr/core/remote_provisioning/test_visibility.py
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
+
+from pkgmgr.core.remote_provisioning.types import (
+    AuthError,
+    NetworkError,
+    PermissionError,
+    ProviderHint,
+    RepoSpec,
+    UnsupportedProviderError,
+)
+from pkgmgr.core.remote_provisioning.visibility import (
+    VisibilityOptions,
+    set_repo_visibility,
+)
+from pkgmgr.core.remote_provisioning.http.errors import HttpError
+
+
+class TestSetRepoVisibility(unittest.TestCase):
+    def _mk_provider(self, *, kind: str = "gitea") -> MagicMock:
+        p = MagicMock()
+        p.kind = kind
+        return p
+
+    def _mk_registry(
+        self, provider: MagicMock | None, providers: list[MagicMock] | None = None
+    ) -> MagicMock:
+        reg = MagicMock()
+        reg.resolve.return_value = provider
+        reg.providers = (
+            providers
+            if providers is not None
+            else ([provider] if provider is not None else [])
+        )
+        return reg
+
+    def _mk_token_resolver(self, token: str = "TOKEN") -> MagicMock:
+        resolver = MagicMock()
+        tok = MagicMock()
+        tok.token = token
+        resolver.get_token.return_value = tok
+        return resolver
+
+    def test_preview_returns_skipped_and_does_not_call_provider(self) -> None:
+        provider = self._mk_provider()
+        reg = self._mk_registry(provider)
+        resolver = self._mk_token_resolver()
+
+        spec = RepoSpec(host="git.veen.world", owner="me", name="repo", private=True)
+
+        res = set_repo_visibility(
+            spec,
+            private=False,
+            options=VisibilityOptions(preview=True),
+            registry=reg,
+            token_resolver=resolver,
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(res.status, "skipped")
+        provider.get_repo_private.assert_not_called()
+        provider.set_repo_private.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_unsupported_provider_raises(self) -> None:
+        reg = self._mk_registry(provider=None, providers=[])
+
+        spec = RepoSpec(host="unknown.host", owner="me", name="repo", private=True)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(UnsupportedProviderError):
+            set_repo_visibility(
+                spec,
+                private=True,
+                registry=reg,
+                token_resolver=self._mk_token_resolver(),
+            )
+
+    def test_notfound_when_provider_returns_none(self) -> None:
+        provider = self._mk_provider()
+        provider.get_repo_private.return_value = None
+
+        reg = self._mk_registry(provider)
+        resolver = self._mk_token_resolver()
+
+        spec = RepoSpec(host="git.veen.world", owner="me", name="repo", private=True)
+
+        res = set_repo_visibility(
+            spec,
+            private=True,
+            registry=reg,
+            token_resolver=resolver,
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(res.status, "notfound")
+        provider.set_repo_private.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_noop_when_already_desired(self) -> None:
+        provider = self._mk_provider()
+        provider.get_repo_private.return_value = True
+
+        reg = self._mk_registry(provider)
+        resolver = self._mk_token_resolver()
+
+        spec = RepoSpec(host="git.veen.world", owner="me", name="repo", private=True)
+
+        res = set_repo_visibility(
+            spec,
+            private=True,
+            registry=reg,
+            token_resolver=resolver,
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(res.status, "noop")
+        provider.set_repo_private.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_updated_when_needs_change(self) -> None:
+        provider = self._mk_provider()
+        provider.get_repo_private.return_value = True
+
+        reg = self._mk_registry(provider)
+        resolver = self._mk_token_resolver()
+
+        spec = RepoSpec(host="git.veen.world", owner="me", name="repo", private=True)
+
+        res = set_repo_visibility(
+            spec,
+            private=False,
+            registry=reg,
+            token_resolver=resolver,
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(res.status, "updated")
+        provider.set_repo_private.assert_called_once()
+        args, kwargs = provider.set_repo_private.call_args
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs.get("private"), False)
+
+    def test_provider_hint_overrides_registry_resolution(self) -> None:
+        # registry.resolve returns gitea provider, but hint forces github provider
+        gitea = self._mk_provider(kind="gitea")
+        github = self._mk_provider(kind="github")
+        github.get_repo_private.return_value = True
+
+        reg = self._mk_registry(gitea, providers=[gitea, github])
+        resolver = self._mk_token_resolver()
+
+        spec = RepoSpec(host="github.com", owner="me", name="repo", private=True)
+
+        res = set_repo_visibility(
+            spec,
+            private=False,
+            provider_hint=ProviderHint(kind="github"),
+            registry=reg,
+            token_resolver=resolver,
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(res.status, "updated")
+        github.get_repo_private.assert_called_once()
+        gitea.get_repo_private.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_http_error_401_maps_to_auth_error(self) -> None:
+        provider = self._mk_provider()
+        provider.get_repo_private.side_effect = HttpError(
+            status=401, message="nope", body=""
+        )
+
+        reg = self._mk_registry(provider)
+        resolver = self._mk_token_resolver()
+
+        spec = RepoSpec(host="git.veen.world", owner="me", name="repo", private=True)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(AuthError):
+            set_repo_visibility(
+                spec, private=True, registry=reg, token_resolver=resolver
+            )
+
+    def test_http_error_403_maps_to_permission_error(self) -> None:
+        provider = self._mk_provider()
+        provider.get_repo_private.side_effect = HttpError(
+            status=403, message="nope", body=""
+        )
+
+        reg = self._mk_registry(provider)
+        resolver = self._mk_token_resolver()
+
+        spec = RepoSpec(host="git.veen.world", owner="me", name="repo", private=True)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(PermissionError):
+            set_repo_visibility(
+                spec, private=True, registry=reg, token_resolver=resolver
+            )
+
+    def test_http_error_status_0_maps_to_network_error(self) -> None:
+        provider = self._mk_provider()
+        provider.get_repo_private.side_effect = HttpError(
+            status=0, message="connection failed", body=""
+        )
+
+        reg = self._mk_registry(provider)
+        resolver = self._mk_token_resolver()
+
+        spec = RepoSpec(host="git.veen.world", owner="me", name="repo", private=True)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(NetworkError):
+            set_repo_visibility(
+                spec, private=True, registry=reg, token_resolver=resolver
+            )
+
+    def test_http_error_other_maps_to_network_error(self) -> None:
+        provider = self._mk_provider()
+        provider.get_repo_private.side_effect = HttpError(
+            status=500, message="boom", body="server error"
+        )
+
+        reg = self._mk_registry(provider)
+        resolver = self._mk_token_resolver()
+
+        spec = RepoSpec(host="git.veen.world", owner="me", name="repo", private=True)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(NetworkError):
+            set_repo_visibility(
+                spec, private=True, registry=reg, token_resolver=resolver
+            )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()